The report of the "Plant Breeding" department of the Agricultural Research Institute was held

Abidin Abdullayev, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Plant Breeding, informed about the  "Creation and application of new high-yielding, high-quality, biotic and abiotic stress-resistant, ecologically adaptive wheat varieties using genetic markers".

He noted that there is a long-term scientific cooperation between the International Selection Centers CIMMYT and ICARDA and the Agricultural Research Institute.

Some wheat nurseries of various purposes introduced by CIMMYT and ICARDA were planted and tested at the Absheron Auxiliary Experimental Farm of the institute in 2020-2021. In the growing season of 2020-2021, 95 of the 570 samples studied during the initial ecological testing of the nurseries introduced from the International Centers were selected, and the area will be increased and planted for wider physiological research.

In the reporting year, 687 local and foreign varieties of soft and hard wheat of different geographical origin were studied in the collection nursery. After every 20 samples, the standard varieties "Murov 2" and "Fatima" for soft wheat, and "Barakatli 95" and "Karabakh" for durum wheat were taken.

In the reporting year of 2020, 10026 samples, hybrids, lines, selection numbers and perspective varieties were applied in different nurseries for wheat selection, applied in different soil climatic conditions, and transgressive lines and perspective varieties with adaptive features were selected according to the natural conditions of each region. In the reporting year, on the basis of the program, hybridization of 57 combinations was carried out with the participation of 49 samples, 1708 flowers were crasted on 99 spikes, the number of hybrid grains was 570, and the germination rate was 38.5%.

According to the results obtained on the subject, it can be said that 4 new races were found in the samples of stem rust sent from Azerbaijan to the Grain Rust Biosafety Laboratory (Izmir, Turkey) of the ICARDA Regional Grain Rust Research Center (RCRRC): According to the results obtained on the subject, it can be said that 4 new races were found in the samples of stem rust sent from Azerbaijan to the Grain Rust Biosafety Laboratory (Izmir, Turkey) of the ICARDA Regional Grain Rust Research Center (RCRRC): TKKTF, TKTTF, TTKTT və TTTTF. One of these races belonged to Azerbaijan. TKKTF and TKTTF races were found to be more aggressive in several countries.

Hybridization has been carried out between localized wheat varieties susceptible to yellow rust disease and regional genotypes with disease resistance genes and unknown genes, and currently 41 resistant lines are being tested in F5 generation selected from various combinations.

At the end of the report, questions and answers were voiced and discussions were held. An extensive annual report of the department was adopted.